Name:

Tovah Lukken

Student Number:

X00015848

GIMP: Chapter 5: Selection

PART 1: READ Chapter 2 in the GIMP book, then:

1. Answer all questions below, briefly but completely.
2. Change the color of the answer to BLUE.
3. Copy this information and paste in a new post in your DIGITAL GRAPHICS blog.

1.       Why are the GIMP Selection tools important? Selection tool are important for selecting/making changes to your image/project.

2.       What is meant by the “marching ants”? Marching ants are the black and white dashes outlining an object in an image.

3.       Describe the following terms found in the SELECT menu: ·         All: Select the whole image. ·         None: Makes sure nothing is selected. ·         Invert: Reverses the selection. ·         Float: Cuts out the selected area and pastes it as a new floating layer. ·         By Color: Switches to the select by color tool, which can be used on images you want to separate a foreground from a simple background. ·         From Path: Convert current path to a selection. ·         Feather: Makes edges fuzzy. ·         Sharpen: Makes fuzzy selections sharper. ·         Shrink and Grow: Makes a selection bigger or smaller. ·         Border: Replaces a selection with a new one that follows the border of the old selection. ·         Rounded Rectangle: Rounded edges of a rectangle selection keeps rounded edges sharp. ·         To Path: Covert to a path.

4.       Why would you want to SELECT BY COLOR? To separate a foreground from a simple background. It also offers the option “select transparent areas.”

5.       What is a BEZIER PATH? Allows you to define control points that outline your object. Connect the dots to make a path.

6.       What is the purpose of the INTELLIGENT SCISSORS? Similar to the Bezier Path, it tries to follow the boundaries of an object. Creates a more complicated path but the result will be a selection not a path.

7.       What is the purpose of the QUICK MASK? It lets you see the selection superimposed on the image rather than the marching ants view.

8.       What is the purpose of LAYER MASKS? Defines how much and which parts of a layer will be visible.

9.       What is the purpose of SIOX? Simple interactive object extraction. Border your object outside region will be masked in dark blue then mark the foreground.

10.   When is using SIOX most effective? When you have significant color differences.

NOTE: For an excellent  review of GIMP Selection tools, check out: http://www.quackit.com/web_graphics/gimp/tutorial/gimp_selection_tools.cfm Scroll down the page to see an excellent chart of the Selections tools.

Pictures coming soon!

The following images were created by saving images from the Internet and opening them in GIMP in separate projects, but selecting and copying them into one. I have found out that CTRL-I is a very beneficial short-cut when selecting objects from an image. The rotation tool allowed me to correctly place the tattoo along with the move and scale down as the tattoo images I had were pretty large. Here is the work.

One thing I forgot to mention is that I had trouble erasing all of the strap. I think I may have been just too far over on the image.

Here are my THREE banners!

I used two layers to create this banner. I was actually surprised at the ease of merging the two. It took me some time to get the scaling correct, but was able to after a few tries.

I used two layers on this project as well. I attempted to match the color of the font to the predominate color in the image of the train, also trying to use a font that reminded me of olden times. I am still tyring to get the hang of using gradients.

This is not a real business everyone, lol, though it did get me thinking! I used multiple layers with this one and got some experience with the text box size and the way it can affect other things in the image if not scaled correctly. One problem I did run into was feathering. I attempted to feather the picture of the women, but it seems that it only did on the left side, or attempted to. I need to work on this.

Name:

Tovah Lukken

Student Number:

X00015848

GIMP: Chapter 8: Color

PART 1: READ Chapter 2 in the GIMP book, then:

1. Answer all questions below, briefly but completely.
2. Change the color of the answer to Pink.
3. Copy this information and paste in a new post in your DIGITAL GRAPHICS blog.

1.       Briefly define the following color terms:

·         Additive color: A combination of red, green and blue lights in reference to computer monitors in depiction of color.

·         Subtractive color: Addition of shades of paint on a reflective surface making the image darker; reflected color.

·         HSV color: Hue, Saturation and Value. Uses three numbers to represent each color but not splitting the image into separate components. Hue: Where the color falls in the spectrum 0-360; Saturation: Intensity of color 0-100; Value: Brightness of pixel 0-100.

·         CMYK color: Printing color space, addition of “k.”

2.       What is the relationship between additive and subtractive color? Additive and Subtractive colors are opposites, they “mirror” each other.

3.       How many bits do most computers use to represent color? 24-bit color: 8 bits per color channel.  See the Important Note below regarding bit color.

4.       What is the TRIANGLE COLOR SELECTOR used for? In reference to HSV, instead of a vertical slider, hue is represented by a circle with two drag handles (the small rings), one to choose hue and the other to choose saturation and value; black corner reduces value, white, saturation.

5.       What is the TRIANGLE COLOR SELECTOR used for? See above answer.

IMPORTANT NOTE: In GIMP, the bit break-down is: ·         RGB Channel: 8 bits for RED, 8 bit for GREEN, 8 bits for BLUE ·         ALPHA Channel: 8 bits for TRANSPARENCY About TRANSPARENCY : An Alpha value indicates the transparency of a pixel. Besides its Red, Green and Blue values, a pixel has an alpha value. The smaller the alpha value of a pixel, the more visible the colors below it [the greater the transparency]. A pixel with an alpha value of 0 is completely transparent. A pixel with an alpha value of 255 (or Hex ff) is fully opaque. With some image file formats, you can only specify that a pixel is completely transparent or completely opaque [JPGs are always opaque]. Other file formats allow a variable level of transparency [such as GIF and PNG]. From the GIMP Glossary: http://docs.gimp.org/en/glossary.html

PART 2: GIMP PROJECT:

1.       HEX Web Colors: Go to this link to find more about web colors: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_colors From the information in this Wiki article, analyze the following hex values and describe what color of each (the first is done for you): A. #cc22cc   Color:  Purple         (Notice the high RED and high BLUE values) B. #ff0000   Color: High Red C. #0000bb   Color: Blue D. #000000   Color: Black E. #11ff11   Color: Bright Green F.  #999999   Color: Grey               (What color is it when all the hex digits are the same?)

2.       HEX Web Colors Image: ·         Now open GIMP and create a new 600 X 600 art canvas. ·         Choose the BRUSH Tool. ·         Click on the Foreground Color Picker at the bottom of the Toolbox and type in the first color (#cc22cc) from the list above.  ·         Use a calligraphic brush to draw out the word PURPLE across the canvas. See the sample here à ·         Create a new layer. ·         Now enter the second color above (#ff0000) in the Color Picker, and draw out the appropriate color word with the Brush on the new layer. ·         Continue adding new layers with the appropriate color names for each of the colors above. (The color words can overlap, be at angles, be different sizes, different transparencies, etc. You can also add brush decorations, shapes, etc. if you like to create an interesting, attractive image.) ·         Save the image as a JPG in your GIMP folder with the file name Hex Colors ·         Delete the sample image (“Purple”) and insert your own  Hex Colors image here:

I had trouble with finding the Calligraphy brush, but once I figure it out, I will post this one!

2.      Color Adjustments:

·         Go to the web site for this book: http://gimpbook.com

·         Click on the PHOTOS FROM THE BOOK link, and scroll down to see the images for Chapter 2.

·         Download and save these images:  Yosemite Storm, the yellow flower, Dave (image of man at a table, right after the yellow flower image),   and the Shakespeare page.

·         With the images you downloaded, follow the instructions in pages 303 through 319 to adjust various color properties.  You do not have to complete the entire chapter;  you may stop just before Indexed  Color on page 219. (Of course, you are more than welcome to complete the chapter if you like.)

After the adjustments, save the final version of the images, then insert the final  adjusted images here:

So!! This project, much success with GIMP! I was able to find a beautiful spring-like image. I copied the image, rectangle-d, feathered and entered text. I must say it took me some time to figure out how to justify the text as I somehow managed to mess up the settings of the GIMP toolboxes, but I'm sure the book will tell me how to fix them...Chapter 1 or 2!~

I think I may finally be getting the hang of this feathering thing! I did enjoy this project and purposefully made the text area off center. I wanted to put the text in between the trees. Much more fun on this one! I was slightly confused at first when I was to delete the middle section as I had to look at my layers board to actually see that it had been deleted.

In this project, I feel that I was able to feather better than the last. I am still having trouble with the dropshadow. In this project, instead of placing text on the background layer, I added a new layer just for the text.

I actually had a lot of trouble with this project, I must have attempted and re-done it five times. For some reason, I could not get the image to feather and/or get the fish centered. Also, when I attempted to add a dropshadow to the text, it would add another layer, however not affect the text. Any pointers??

GIMP: Chapter 2: Improving Digital Photos

Name:

Tovah Lukken

Student Number:

X00015848

GIMP: Chapter 2: Improving Digital Photos

PART 1: READ Chapter 2 in the GIMP book, then:

1. Answer all questions below, briefly but completely.
2. Change the color of the answer to GREEN.
3. Copy this information and paste in a new post in your DIGITAL GRAPHICS blog.

1.       What happens to an image when you SCALE it? Does the canvas size change when you SCALE an image? No, it gets smaller; it does not change the canvas size.

2.       Why should you scale images you take on a digital camera before sending them in email or posting them on the web? The higher resolution makes for larger files of .5 megabyte each or more.

3.       Why is it important to make sure the width and height of an image you are going to scale are linked together? How do you do this in GIMP? It prevents the photo from getting talker, skinner, shorter, fatter. Type height, width number into field then tab; it will auto update.

4.       What is the keyboard shortcut to UNDO? CTRL-Z.

5.       What does the SCALE TOOL do? Scale interactively, without having to enter numbers.

6.       What is the difference between the IMAGEàSCALE from the menu and the SCALE TOOL? Entering height, width dimensions vs. scaling interactively.

7.        Describe these JPG quality settings: ·         Optimize: Gives you an additional reduction in file size without reduction of image quality. ·         Progressive:  For images that will be uploaded to the web, image will be seen in poor quality immediately and it will gradually improve rather than being seen line by line as it loads. ·         Save EXIF data: Exchangeable image file format saves information about an image such as the date, resolution, lens focal strength, if a flash was used. This can be de-selected. ·         Comment:

8.       Why would you decrease the quality setting of a JPG image? By decreasing the quality setting, you can have a smaller file size, but still a good-looking image.

9.       Compare the size of a 95% quality setting to a 100% setting of a JPG image: Quality between an image at 95% and 100% won’t be much better, however the file size of an image set at 100% is 2-3 times larger than at 95%.

10.   If you save a JPG file at 100%, do you preserve ALL the data in the image? What formats should you use if you want to preserve all the data? No, at 100% data is still lost. To save all data, you can save under formats PNG or TIFF.

11.   Describe what it means when you INDEX a file such as a GIF or PNG file: It means that you are controlling the file size by controlling the number of colors used.

12.   What is RGB color mode? RGB means full color.

13.   What is dithering? It is a combining of pixels of several different colors. Used with indexing.

14.   What is grayscale mode? It is used with black and white scanned photos or documents and can be used to convert color photos to black and white.

15.   What does interlacing a file do? It allows a photo to load a certain way so that if it is being viewed on the web it can be seen prior to being completely loaded.

16.   What is cropping? Cropping allows you to edit you image but “cutting” what you don’t want, out. You can also use it with layering to make the outside boundaries transparent.

Briefly describe these graphic file types: NOTE: It is important to learn these types of files to be a proficient graphic artist, so pay attention when you describe these file types.

1.       JPEG: Use when sharing full color photos, but it is not recommended for files that you plan on editing often.

2.       GIF:  Uses a fixed list of colors (indexed). Useful for transparency and animation because most photos have many more colors than the 256 that GIF represents.

3.       PNG: Can be used for full color or indexed images. Will be much larger that JPEG, though supports editing without “lossing.” It supports transparency but not animation.

4.       XCF: Format of GIMP’s. Large files that can only be read by GIMP. Can be compressed.

5.       TIFF: Full color-non lossy format. Many web browser cannot support it. May not be read correctly in different programs. Does handle a wider range of colors, 16 bits per channel.

6.       Raw: A term used to described the proprietary formats used by camera manufacturers.

7.       BMP: Microsoft Windows. Recommended to use only if writing Window’s software.

8.       PSD: Adobe. Saves layers and other information that XCF does. GIMP reads older versions, not newer.

9.       ICO: Microsoft Windows Icon format. Contains several resolutions in one file. “ Favicon” for bookmarking websites.

10.   PDF : Vector not pixel graphics. Vector: Collection of points, lines, curves. GIMP may be able to edit vector projects with plug-ins.

PART 2: GIMP PROJECT: Be sure to save these images in your GIMP folder before inserting them in this document.

1.       Go to the web site for this book: http://gimpbook.com 2.       Look through the menus on the left to see the supplemental information provided for you about the book. 3.       Click on the PHOTOS FROM THE BOOK link, and scroll down to see the images for Chapter 2. 4.       Download and save these images: Red Rock Canyon (the 4th image), Canyonlands (5th image),  American kestrel (the bird), Ethan (the little boy). 5.       With the Red Rock Canyon image, apply the following color techniques as indicated in the textbook on pages 38-50 (try dragging the sliders in each dialog box to see how they change the image, then UNDO to restore the image back to the original), then DESCRIBE what each does:

·         Brightness-Contrast: It makes the contours of the photo more sharp and/or lightens and darkens background.

·         Levels: Levels allow you to allow you to control contrasting more precisely. This is a graph that shows you brightness and the number of pixels that have that brightness.

·         Curves: This allows you to control light and dark areas of the image.

·         Threshold: This allows for mapping in black and white.

·         Desaturation: Removes color, changes the image to grayscale.

6.       When you have applied these techniques to the Red Rock Canyon image, apply THRESHOLD to the image, save it, then insert it here:

1.       With the Canyonlands image, use Rotation to adjust the image as indicated on pages 51-55. Save the rotated and insert here:

1.       With the Kestral image, use the Sharpening techniques indicated on pages 55-59. Save the sharpened image and insert here:

1.       With the little boy, Ethan, image, correct the Red-Eye as indicated on pages 61-66. Save the corrected image and insert here: