Name:

Tovah Lukken

Student Number:

X00015848

Graphics and Visual Communications Management, Chapter 1

Answers can be found in the Graphics and Visual Communications Management, Chapter 1 document, posted under CONTENT in D2L.

DIRECTIONS:

1. Answer all questions below, briefly but completely.
2. Change the color of the answer to RED.
3. When this sheet is complete, copy the information and images into a new blog post.

Graphics and Visual Communications Management, Chapter 1

1.     Document design decisions: List 10 questions you should consider when designing a document that affect readability and visual appeal of the document:

1. How should the document be laid out on the page?

2. How much white space should I leave on the page.

3. How long should the text lines be?

4 Are there an appropriate occasions to center, should I justify it?

5. What fonts do I choose?

6. How can I most effectively combine type styles for visual emphasis?

7. How do I use visual design to show the hierarchy of information?

8. What fonts do I use for headings?

9 Where can I place headings?

10. How do I show different levels of headings?

2.     Page layout considerations:

What is the size of the standard size/layout of most business reports, memos, and letters? Single 6 ½” column on an 8 ½” by 11 page.

What is the purpose of a grid in page layout design? It is an underlying structure that divides the page into units and allows consistent placement of text and graphics throughout a multipage document.

Why would a designer choose a multi-column layout instead of a single column layout? This way graphics can be inserted into multiple columns. You can turn the page landscape and still keep the text lines at a readable length.

What is the importance of “white space” in page layout design? It makes the document easier to be read. The goal of white space is to enhance readability, help to emphasize important points and lighten the overall look of the document.

What is the optimum line length of a line of text? Between 30 and 75 characters or between 8 and 12 words.

What happens to readability if the line is too short? It breaks up units of words that the reader expects to read together making comprehension harder.

What happens to readability if the line is too long? It requires the reader move his/her head to read to the end of the line causing fatigue when reading long documents.

Describe these text alignment terms: Fully justified: Flush left and flush right so the words make a straight line of words. Left justified: Flush left, aligned along the left margin. Right justified: Flush right, aligned alone the right margin. Centered: Left/Right sides are ragged, centered in the middle of the document.

3. Font/file  considerations:

1.      Describe the difference between serif fonts and sans serif fonts: Serif typeface has small, horizontal strokes that extend from the end of the vertical strokes. A sans serif typeface lacks those small horizontal strokes.

2. List three serif fonts and change them into their actual font (for example: Times New Roman): a. Garamond b. Times New Roman c. Georgia

3. List three sans serif fonts and change them into their actual font (for example: Verdana): a. Franklin Gothic b. Veranda c. Franklin Gothic Heavy

4. What is a PDF file and why are PDF files commonly used? A PDF file captures the exact look of a document as it would appear when printed, including text, fonts, images and formatting

5. What happens if a font in the document is NOT installed in the computer? It will not save or be viewed correctly. Make sure you use a widely known font when using Word and PowerPoint.

6. With regard to font size: 1 point equals how many inches? 1/72 of an inch.

7. What is the optimum point size range for good readability? 9-12 points.

8. Define these terms with regard to font size: a. x-height: Measure of the lowercase letter without any ascenders or descenders. b. ascender: Above the X. c. descender: Below the X.

9. Explain why some fonts may appear larger than others even if they are the same point size. Some fonts have larger X-height.

10. a. What is leading? (NOTE: This pronounced “led-ding” NOT “leeding”): Strips of lead old style printers would leave between the lines of type.   b. Why is leading “set solid” not advised? Because the words are compressed, it requires the reader to read more slowly to avoid taking in the next line before finishing the line above it.

11. When is it most appropriate to use type styles such as bold and italics? Use to single out a word or sentence, to draw the reader’s attention.

12. WHY IS IT DIFFICULT TO READ BLOCKS OF TEXT THAT ARE ALL IN UPPER CASE? It becomes difficult to read and overwhelms the reader.

13.  Explain the basics of using fonts, font sizes, and styles to create a hierarchy of information in a lengthy document: Use no more than two or three typefaces and use them in a consistent system. It goes as follows: Document title, section headings (first level), subsection headings (second level), paragraph headings (third level) and general text (fourth level).

4. Document design exercise: Follow the directions below to practice the design principles found in this chapter. You need to be in MS WORD to complete this assignment.   You may want to print these directions so you can more easily follow them as you work through this exercise. Go to the end of this document: CTRL END Insert a page break to create a new page: CTRL ENTER Type in this title: Document Design Considerations Select the title by dragging the cursor over the title text.  Try the following shortcuts to change the style of the title: ·         CTRL I        (italics, repeat to un-italicize) ·         CTRL U      (underline, repeat to remove underling) ·         CTRL B       (bold, repeat to un-bold—leave the title bold) ·         CTRL R       (right justify) ·         CTRL L       (left justify) ·         CTRL E       (center—leave the title centered) ·         SHIFT  CTRL  >  (increase font size, do this several times, then SHIFT CTRL < to decrease font size) ·         SHIFT   F3 (change case,  NOTE: F3 is one of the function keys at the top of the keyboard. Try this shortcut several times to cycle through the cases) ·         CTRL D    Design, opens FONT dialog box; change colors, fonts, sizes, styles; try many of these Body:  Press the ENTER key twice after the title. Press CTRL L to left justify the body. Change the font to CALIBRI and font size to 11 points (no bold or italics, etc.). Type in the following formula to create 3 paragraphs of “fill text” with 7 sentences in each paragraph: =rand(3,7)   then press the ENTER key to create the fill text Click in the middle of the second paragraph. TRIPLE-click to select the paragraph. Try these shortcuts with the selected paragraph: ·         CTRL M     (to indent or move the paragraph; SHIFT CTRL M to move it back) ·         CTRL 2       (double space, CTRL 1 to single-space—leave as single-spaced) ·         To create columns: On the ribbon: PAGE LAYOUTàCOLUMNSàTWO Save this file with CTRL S

5. BLOG: Create a new blog post and insert the information and images from this sheet in the new post.

Document Design Considerations

On the Insert tab, the galleries include items that are designed to coordinate with the overall look of your document. You can use these galleries to insert tables, headers, footers, lists, cover pages, and other document building blocks. When you create pictures, charts, or diagrams, they also coordinate with your current document look. You can easily change the formatting of selected text in the document text by choosing a look for the selected text from the Quick Styles gallery on the Home tab. You can also format text directly by using the other controls on the Home tab. Most controls offer a choice of using the look from the current theme or using a format that you specify directly. To change the overall look of your document, choose new Theme elements on the Page Layout tab.

To change the looks available in the Quick Style gallery, use the Change Current Quick Style Set command. Both the Themes gallery and the Quick Styles gallery provide reset commands so that you can always restore the look of your document to the original contained in your current template. On the Insert tab, the galleries include items that are designed to coordinate with the overall look of your document. You can use these galleries to insert tables, headers, footers, lists, cover pages, and other document building blocks. When you create pictures, charts, or diagrams, they also coordinate with your current document look. You can easily change the formatting of selected text in the document text by choosing a look for the selected text from the Quick Styles gallery on the Home tab. You can also format text directly by using the other controls on the Home tab.

Most controls offer a choice of using the look from the current theme or using a format that you specify directly. To change the overall look of your document, choose new Theme elements on the Page Layout tab. To change the looks available in the Quick Style gallery, use the Change Current Quick Style Set command. Both the Themes gallery and the Quick Styles gallery provide reset commands so that you can always restore the look of your document to the original contained in your current template. On the Insert tab, the galleries include items that are designed to coordinate with the overall look of your document. You can use these galleries to insert tables, headers, footers, lists, cover pages, and other document building blocks. When you create pictures, charts, or diagrams, they also coordinate with your current document look.